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Sozialwissenschaftliche Theorien

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Sie befinden sich hier: Home / Archiv für aetiological

aetiological

Broken Windows Theory (Wilson & Kelling)

The Broken Windows Theory was developed by James Q. Wilson and George L. Kelling. According to the two authors, the broken window must be repaired as quickly as possible to prevent further destruction in the neighborhood and an increase in the crime rate. Destruction in urban areas is therefore inextricably

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Kategorie: Theories of Crime Tags: 1982, aetiological, Broken Windows, control, macro, Rational Choice, Shaw and McKay, social desorganisation, sociology, sociology, USA, Zero Tolerance Policing

Age Graded Theory/ Turning Points (Sampson and Laub)

[also known as: Age-Graded Life-Course Theory of Crime, Age-Graded Development Theory, Theorie der Turning Points] Robert J. Sampson’s and John H. Laub’s Age Graded Theory or Theory of Turning Points describe the change in the crime load of individuals as a function of biographical events. For this purpose, they use

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Kategorie: Theories of Crime Tags: 1993, aetiological, Age Graded Theory, control, Glueck, Lebenslauf, micro, sociology, Turning Points, USA

Routine Activity Theory (RAT)

The Routine Activity Theory states that the occurrence of a crime is likely if there is a motivated offender and a suitable target, with the simultaneous absence of a capable guardian. Main proponents Lawrence E. Cohen, Marcus Felson, Ronald V. Clarke Theory According to Cohen and Felson, crime rates depend

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Kategorie: Theories of Crime Tags: 1979, aetiological, control, macro, Rational Choice, Routine Activity Approach, situation, sociology, USA

Rational Choice Theory

Criminology’s application of the Rational Choice Theory sees crime as the result of individual rational consideration of the expected benefits and costs of criminal activity. Main Proponents Gary S. Becker, Derek Cornish, Ronald Clarke, u.a. Theory The thesis of ‘Rational Choice’ is an economic, general theory of action. In general,

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Kategorie: Theories of Crime Tags: aetiological, control, micro/macro, Rational Choice, situation, sociology, USA

Theory of differential opportunities (Cloward & Ohlin)

The theory of differential opportunities combines learning, subculture, anomie and social disorganization theories and expands them to include the recognition that for criminal behaviour there must also be access to illegitimate means. Main proponent Richard A. Cloward und Lloyd E. Ohlin Theorie Cloward & Ohlin’s theory of differential opportunities represents

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Kategorie: Theories of Crime Tags: 1960, aetiological, Anomie, Cloward, Cohen, learning, Merton, micro/macro, Ohlin, social desorganisation, sociology, subculture, theory of differential opportunities, USA

Social learning theory (Akers)

The theory of social learning states that criminal behaviour is learned when the positive consequences of deviant behaviour are more powerful than the positive consequences of normative behaviour (operant conditioning). Main proponent Ronald L. Akers und Robert L. Burgess Theory Referring to Sutherland’s theory of differential associations, Aker’s theory of

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Kategorie: Theories of Crime Tags: 1966, aetiological, Akers, learning, micro, sociology, Sutherland, USA

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SozTheo is a collection of information and resources aimed at all readers interested in sociology and criminology. SozTheo was created as a private page by Prof. Dr. Christian Wickert, lecturer in sociology and criminology at the University of Applied Sciences for Police and Public Administration in North Rhine-Westphalia (HSPV NRW). The contributions and linked articles available here do not necessarily reflect the official opinion, attitude or curricula of the HSPV NRW.

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